Poker Glossary — Common Terms Explained

Last reviewed: August 25, 2026Editorial standard: beginner-first, rules-aware explanationsHow we verify poker information
Quick definition: Poker terminology describes betting actions, positions, hand states, mathematical concepts and game procedures. This glossary uses beginner-friendly definitions and links important entities to their deeper guides.

A

Action
A player’s turn to check, bet, call, raise or fold; it can also mean the betting activity in a game.
All-in
A wager of all chips a player currently has in front of them. A player who is all-in can win only the pots for which they have contributed the required amount.
Ante
A forced contribution posted by players before a hand in formats that use antes.

B

Big blind (BB)
The larger of the two standard forced blind bets in Hold’em and Omaha. See blinds explained.
Bluff
A bet or raise made primarily to make stronger hands fold. See bluffing strategy.
Board
The community cards available to all players in games such as Texas Hold’em and Omaha.
Button (BTN)
The dealer-button position. In most Hold’em hands it acts last after the flop and is therefore a strategically valuable position.

C

Call
Match the current bet or raise to remain in the hand.
Check
Decline to bet while keeping your hand live when no bet is currently facing you.
Community cards
Shared face-up cards used by all players to form hands in Hold’em and Omaha.
Continuation bet (c-bet)
A postflop bet made by the player who was the preflop aggressor. See continuation betting.

D

Draw
A hand that is not yet made but can improve to a strong hand if certain future cards arrive.

E

Effective stack
The smaller relevant stack between players in a hand; it limits the maximum amount that can be won or lost between them.
Equity
A hand or range’s share of the pot based on its probability of winning or tying under the assumptions being used.

F

Flop
The first three community cards dealt together in Hold’em and Omaha.
Fold
Give up the hand and any claim to the current pot.

H

Heads-up
A hand or game involving two players.
Hole cards
Private cards dealt to an individual player. Texas Hold’em gives each player two hole cards.

I

ICM
Independent Chip Model: a tournament model used to estimate how chip stacks translate into prize-value equity. See ICM in practice.
Implied odds
A framework that considers money you may win on later streets in addition to the pot you can win immediately. See implied odds.

K

Kicker
A side card used to break ties between otherwise equal-ranking hands when poker rules call for it.

M

Made hand
A hand with current showdown value, as opposed to a draw that still needs to improve.
Muck
To discard a hand without exposing it, when the rules permit.

N

Nuts
The best possible hand given the current board and game rules.

O

Open raise
The first voluntary raise preflop after the blinds/antes have been posted.
Out
An unseen card that is assumed to improve a hand to the result being evaluated.
Overcard
A card higher in rank than a referenced card or board card; for example, an ace is an overcard to a king-high flop.

P

Position
Where a player sits relative to the dealer button and betting order. See poker position.
Pot
The chips or money being contested in the current hand.
Pot odds
The price the pot is offering on a call, normally compared with the chance a call will succeed. See pot odds.
Preflop
The betting round before community cards are dealt in Texas Hold’em and Omaha.

R

Raise
Increase the size of the current wager, subject to the game’s betting rules.
Range
The set of hands a player can plausibly hold in a situation rather than one exact hand.
River
The fifth and final community card in Hold’em and Omaha.

S

Showdown
The stage where remaining players expose eligible hands to determine the winner after betting is complete. See showdown rules.
Side pot
A separate pot created when one or more players are all-in for less than other players continue to wager.
Small blind (SB)
The smaller standard forced blind bet, normally posted immediately left of the dealer button in multi-handed Hold’em. See blinds explained.
SPR
Stack-to-pot ratio: effective stack size divided by the pot size, usually evaluated at the start of a postflop street. See SPR.
Street
A stage of the hand associated with a betting round, such as preflop, flop, turn or river.

T

Tilt
Emotional or cognitive disruption that leads to worse poker decisions. See tilt control.
Turn
The fourth community card in Hold’em and Omaha.

U

Under the gun (UTG)
The first position to act preflop in a standard multi-handed Hold’em hand after the blinds.

V

Value bet
A bet made because worse hands are expected to call often enough to make betting preferable. See value betting.
Variance
Natural short-term fluctuation in results caused by uncertain outcomes even when decisions are sound.

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